Reducing Emissions and Raising Value Through Indonesia’s Carbon Trading

Reducing Emissions and Raising Value Through Indonesia’s Carbon Trading Indonesia’s carbon emissions are estimated to reach about 1.4 billion tons of CO₂e[1] annually, with fossil fuels contributing around 50% in 2023 (Global Carbon Budget & Bloomberg, 2025). Despite these challenges, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources reported a record GHG emissions reduction of 147.6…

Indonesia’s Voluntary Carbon Market: Strategic Opportunities and Implementation Roadmap

Indonesia’s Voluntary Carbon Market: Strategic Opportunities and Implementation Roadmap Indonesia stands at a pivotal juncture in the global carbon economy, possessing extraordinary natural capital that positions the nation as a potential leader in voluntary carbon markets (VCM). With the world’s third-largest tropical rainforest spanning 126 million hectares, extensive peatlands covering 7.5 million hectares (30% of…